Changes between Initial Version and Version 1 of TracStandalone


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Timestamp:
09/16/10 12:25:38 (14 years ago)
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trac
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  • TracStandalone

    v1 v1  
     1= Tracd = 
     2 
     3Tracd is a lightweight standalone Trac web server. 
     4It can be used in a variety of situations, from a test or development server to a multiprocess setup behind another web server used as a load balancer. 
     5 
     6== Pros == 
     7 
     8 * Fewer dependencies: You don't need to install apache or any other web-server. 
     9 * Fast: Should be almost as fast as the [wiki:TracModPython mod_python] version (and much faster than the [wiki:TracCgi CGI]), even more so since version 0.12 where the HTTP/1.1 version of the protocol is enabled by default 
     10 * Automatic reloading: For development, Tracd can be used in ''auto_reload'' mode, which will automatically restart the server whenever you make a change to the code (in Trac itself or in a plugin). 
     11 
     12== Cons == 
     13 
     14 * Fewer features: Tracd implements a very simple web-server and is not as configurable or as scalable as Apache httpd. 
     15 * No native HTTPS support: [http://www.rickk.com/sslwrap/ sslwrap] can be used instead, 
     16   or [http://trac.edgewall.org/wiki/STunnelTracd stunnel -- a tutorial on how to use stunnel with tracd] or Apache with mod_proxy. 
     17 
     18== Usage examples == 
     19 
     20A single project on port 8080. (http://localhost:8080/) 
     21{{{ 
     22 $ tracd -p 8080 /path/to/project 
     23}}} 
     24Stricly speaking this will make your Trac accessible to everybody from your network rather than ''localhost only''. To truly limit it use ''--hostname'' option. 
     25{{{ 
     26 $ tracd --hostname=localhost -p 8080 /path/to/project 
     27}}} 
     28With more than one project. (http://localhost:8080/project1/ and http://localhost:8080/project2/) 
     29{{{ 
     30 $ tracd -p 8080 /path/to/project1 /path/to/project2 
     31}}} 
     32 
     33You can't have the last portion of the path identical between the projects since Trac uses that name to keep the URLs of the 
     34different projects unique. So if you use `/project1/path/to` and `/project2/path/to`, you will only see the second project. 
     35 
     36An alternative way to serve multiple projects is to specify a parent directory in which each subdirectory is a Trac project, using the `-e` option. The example above could be rewritten: 
     37{{{ 
     38 $ tracd -p 8080 -e /path/to 
     39}}} 
     40 
     41To exit the server on Windows, be sure to use {{{CTRL-BREAK}}} -- using {{{CTRL-C}}} will leave a Python process running in the background. 
     42 
     43== Installing as a Windows Service == 
     44 
     45=== Option 1 === 
     46To install as a Windows service, get the [http://www.google.com/search?q=srvany.exe SRVANY] utility and run: 
     47{{{ 
     48 C:\path\to\instsrv.exe tracd C:\path\to\srvany.exe 
     49 reg add HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\tracd\Parameters /v Application /d "\"C:\path\to\python.exe\" \"C:\path\to\python\scripts\tracd-script.py\" <your tracd parameters>" 
     50 net start tracd 
     51}}} 
     52 
     53'''DO NOT''' use {{{tracd.exe}}}.  Instead register {{{python.exe}}} directly with {{{tracd-script.py}}} as a parameter.  If you use {{{tracd.exe}}}, it will spawn the python process without SRVANY's knowledge.  This python process will survive a {{{net stop tracd}}}. 
     54 
     55If you want tracd to start automatically when you boot Windows, do: 
     56{{{ 
     57 sc config tracd start= auto 
     58}}} 
     59 
     60The spacing here is important. 
     61 
     62For Windows 7 User, srvany.exe may not be an option, so you can use [http://www.google.com/search?q=winserv.exe WINSERV] utility and run: 
     63{{{ 
     64"C:\path\to\winserv.exe" install tracd -displayname "tracd" -start auto "C:\path\to\python.exe" c:\path\to\python\scripts\tracd-script.py <your tracd parameters>" 
     65 
     66net start tracd 
     67}}} 
     68 
     69=== Option 2 === 
     70 
     71Use [http://trac-hacks.org/wiki/WindowsServiceScript WindowsServiceScript], available at [http://trac-hacks.org/ Trac Hacks]. Installs, removes, starts, stops, etc. your Trac service. 
     72 
     73== Using Authentication == 
     74 
     75Using tracd with Apache .htpasswd files: 
     76 
     77To create a .htpasswd file using htpasswd: 
     78 
     79{{{ 
     80 $ htpasswd -c /path/to/env/.htpasswd username 
     81}}} 
     82then for additional users: 
     83{{{ 
     84 $ htpasswd /path/to/env/.htpasswd username2 
     85}}} 
     86then for starting the tracd (on windows skip the "=" after --basic-auth): 
     87{{{ 
     88tracd -p 8080 --basic-auth=environmentname,/fullpath/environmentname/.htpasswd,/fullpath/environmentname /fullpath/environmentname 
     89}}} 
     90 
     91 `environmentname` is the directory name of the Trac project folder, as opposed to `/fullpath/environmentname` which is the full path to the Trac project folder. See below for another example. 
     92 
     93Tracd provides support for both Basic and Digest authentication. The default is to use Digest; to use Basic authentication, replace `--auth` with `--basic-auth` in the examples below. (You must still specify a dialogic "realm", which can be an empty string by trailing the BASICAUTH with a comma.) 
     94 
     95  ''Support for Basic authentication was added in version 0.9.'' 
     96 
     97The general format for using authentication is (replace `--auth` with `--basic-auth` if you want to use Basic auth): 
     98 
     99{{{ 
     100 $ tracd -p port --auth="base_project_dir,password_file_path,realm" project_path 
     101}}} 
     102 
     103where: 
     104 
     105 * '''base_project_dir''': the base directory of the project specified as follows: 
     106   * when serving multiple projects: ''relative'' to the `project_path` 
     107   * when serving only a single project (`-s`): the name of the project directory 
     108 Don't use an absolute path here as this won't work. ''Note:'' This parameter is case-sensitive even for environments on Windows. 
     109 * '''password_file_path''': path to the password file 
     110 * '''realm''': the realm name (can be anything) 
     111 * '''project_path''': path of the project 
     112 
     113Examples: 
     114 
     115{{{ 
     116 $ tracd -p 8080 \ 
     117   --auth="project1,/path/to/passwordfile,mycompany.com" /path/to/project1 
     118}}} 
     119 
     120Of course, the password file can be be shared so that it is used for more than one project: 
     121{{{ 
     122 $ tracd -p 8080 \ 
     123   --auth="project1,/path/to/passwordfile,mycompany.com" \ 
     124   --auth="project2,/path/to/passwordfile,mycompany.com" \ 
     125   /path/to/project1 /path/to/project2 
     126}}} 
     127 
     128Another way to share the password file is to specify "*" for the project name: 
     129{{{ 
     130 $ tracd -p 8080 \ 
     131   --auth="*,/path/to/users.htdigest,mycompany.com" \ 
     132   /path/to/project1 /path/to/project2 
     133}}} 
     134 
     135=== Using a htpasswd password file === 
     136This section describes how to use `tracd` with Apache .htpasswd files. 
     137 
     138To create a .htpasswd file use Apache's `htpasswd` command (see [#GeneratingPasswordsWithoutApache below] for a method to create these files without using Apache): 
     139 
     140{{{ 
     141 $ sudo htpasswd -c /path/to/env/.htpasswd username 
     142}}} 
     143then for additional users: 
     144{{{ 
     145 $ sudo htpasswd /path/to/env/.htpasswd username2 
     146}}} 
     147 
     148Then to start `tracd` run something like this: 
     149 
     150{{{ 
     151 $ tracd -p 8080 --basic-auth="projectdirname,/fullpath/environmentname/.htpasswd,realmname" /fullpath/environmentname 
     152}}} 
     153 
     154For example: 
     155 
     156{{{ 
     157 $ tracd -p 8080 --basic-auth="testenv,/srv/tracenv/testenv/.htpasswd,My Test Env" /srv/tracenv/testenv 
     158}}} 
     159 
     160''Note:'' You might need to pass "-m" as a parameter to htpasswd on some platforms (OpenBSD). 
     161 
     162=== Using a htdigest password file === 
     163 
     164If you have Apache available, you can use the htdigest command to generate the password file. Type 'htdigest' to get some usage instructions, or read [http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/programs/htdigest.html this page] from the Apache manual to get precise instructions.  You'll be prompted for a password to enter for each user that you create.  For the name of the password file, you can use whatever you like, but if you use something like `users.htdigest` it will remind you what the file contains. As a suggestion, put it in your <projectname>/conf folder along with the [TracIni trac.ini] file. 
     165 
     166Note that you can start tracd without the --auth argument, but if you click on the ''Login'' link you will get an error. 
     167 
     168=== Generating Passwords Without Apache === 
     169 
     170If you don't have Apache available, you can use this simple Python script to generate your passwords: 
     171 
     172{{{ 
     173#!python 
     174from optparse import OptionParser 
     175# The md5 module is deprecated in Python 2.5 
     176try: 
     177    from hashlib import md5 
     178except ImportError: 
     179    from md5 import md5 
     180realm = 'trac' 
     181 
     182# build the options 
     183usage = "usage: %prog [options]" 
     184parser = OptionParser(usage=usage) 
     185parser.add_option("-u", "--username",action="store", dest="username", type = "string", 
     186                  help="the username for whom to generate a password") 
     187parser.add_option("-p", "--password",action="store", dest="password", type = "string", 
     188                  help="the password to use") 
     189parser.add_option("-r", "--realm",action="store", dest="realm", type = "string", 
     190                  help="the realm in which to create the digest") 
     191(options, args) = parser.parse_args() 
     192 
     193# check options 
     194if (options.username is None) or (options.password is None): 
     195   parser.error("You must supply both the username and password") 
     196if (options.realm is not None): 
     197   realm = options.realm 
     198    
     199# Generate the string to enter into the htdigest file 
     200kd = lambda x: md5(':'.join(x)).hexdigest() 
     201print ':'.join((options.username, realm, kd([options.username, realm, options.password]))) 
     202}}} 
     203 
     204Note: If you use the above script you must use the --auth option to tracd, not --basic-auth, and you must set the realm in the --auth value to 'trac' (without the quotes). Example usage (assuming you saved the script as trac-digest.py): 
     205 
     206{{{ 
     207 $ python trac-digest.py -u username -p password >> c:\digest.txt 
     208 $ tracd --port 8000 --auth=proj_name,c:\digest.txt,trac c:\path\to\proj_name 
     209}}} 
     210 
     211 
     212Note: If you would like to use --basic-auth you need to use htpasswd tool from apache server to generate .htpasswd file. The remaining part is similar but make sure to use empty realm (i.e. coma after path). Make sure to use -m option for it.  If you do not have Apache, [trac:source:/tags/trac-0.11/contrib/htpasswd.py htpasswd.py] may help.  (Note that it requires a `crypt` or `fcrypt` module; see the source comments for details.) 
     213 
     214It is possible to use md5sum utility to generate digest-password file using such method: 
     215{{{ 
     216 $ printf "${user}:trac:${password}" | md5sum - >>user.htdigest 
     217}}} 
     218and manually delete " -" from the end and add "${user}:trac:" to the start of line from 'to-file'. 
     219 
     220== Tips == 
     221 
     222=== Serving static content === 
     223 
     224If `tracd` is the only web server used for the project,  
     225it can also be used to distribute static content  
     226(tarballs, Doxygen documentation, etc.) 
     227 
     228This static content should be put in the `$TRAC_ENV/htdocs` folder, 
     229and is accessed by URLs like `<project_URL>/chrome/site/...`. 
     230 
     231Example: given a `$TRAC_ENV/htdocs/software-0.1.tar.gz` file, 
     232the corresponding relative URL would be `/<project_name>/chrome/site/software-0.1.tar.gz`,  
     233which in turn can be written as `htdocs:software-0.1.tar.gz` (TracLinks syntax) or `[/<project_name>/chrome/site/software-0.1.tar.gz]` (relative link syntax).  
     234 
     235 ''Support for `htdocs:` TracLinks syntax was added in version 0.10'' 
     236 
     237=== Using apache rewrite rules === 
     238In some situations when you choose to use tracd behind apache, you might experience issues with redirects, like being redirected to URLs with the wrong host or protocol. In this case (and only in this case), setting the `[trac] use_base_url_for_redirect` to `true` can help, as this will force Trac to use the value of `[trac] base_url` for doing the redirects. 
     239 
     240=== Serving a different base path than / === 
     241Tracd supports serving projects with different base urls than /<project>. The parameter name to change this is 
     242{{{ 
     243 $ tracd --base-path=/some/path 
     244}}} 
     245 
     246---- 
     247See also: TracInstall, TracCgi, TracModPython, TracGuide, [trac:TracOnWindowsStandalone?version=13#RunningTracdasservice Running tracd.exe as a Windows service], [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp], [trac:TracNginxRecipe]