wiki:WikiMacros
Last modified 14 years ago Last modified on 09/16/10 12:25:38

Trac Macros

Trac macros are plugins to extend the Trac engine with custom 'functions' written in Python. A macro inserts dynamic HTML data in any context supporting WikiFormatting.

Another kind of macros are WikiProcessors. They typically deal with alternate markup formats and representation of larger blocks of information (like source code highlighting).

Using Macros

Macro calls are enclosed in two square brackets. Like Python functions, macros can also have arguments, a comma separated list within parentheses.

Getting Detailed Help

The list of available macros and the full help can be obtained using the MacroList macro, as seen below.

A brief list can be obtained via [[MacroList(*)]] or [[?]].

Detailed help on a specific macro can be obtained by passing it as an argument to MacroList, e.g. [[MacroList(MacroList)]], or, more conveniently, by appending a question mark (?) to the macro's name, like in [[MacroList?]].

Example

A list of 3 most recently changed wiki pages starting with 'Trac':

Wiki Markup Display
[[RecentChanges(Trac,3)]]

[[RecentChanges?(Trac,3)]]

[[RecentChanges]]

List all pages that have recently been modified, grouping them by the day they were last modified.

This macro accepts two parameters. The first is a prefix string: if provided, only pages with names that start with the prefix are included in the resulting list. If this parameter is omitted, all pages are listed.

The second parameter is a number for limiting the number of pages returned. For example, specifying a limit of 5 will result in only the five most recently changed pages to be included in the list.

[[?]]

[[Image]]

Embed an image in wiki-formatted text. The first argument is the file …

[[InterTrac]]

Provide a list of known InterTrac prefixes.

[[InterWiki]]

Provide a description list for the known InterWiki prefixes.

[[KnownMimeTypes]]

List all known mime-types which can be used as WikiProcessors. Can be …

[[LastChangesBy]]

This macro prints a table similar to the [[ListOfWikiPages]] only with …

[[ListOfWikiPages]]

== Description == Website: …

[[MacroList]]

Display a list of all installed Wiki macros, including documentation if …

[[PageOutline]]

Display a structural outline of the current wiki page, each item in the …

[[ParseArgsTest]]

Test macro for tracadvparseargs.parse_args function. This macro is …

[[RecentChanges]]

List all pages that have recently been modified, grouping them by the day …

[[RepositoryIndex]]

Display the list of available repositories. Can be given the following …

[[TitleIndex]]

Insert an alphabetic list of all wiki pages into the output. Accepts a …

[[TracAdminHelp]]

Display help for trac-admin commands. Examples: […]

[[TracGuideToc]]

Display a table of content for the Trac guide. This macro shows a quick …

[[TracIni]]

Produce documentation for the Trac configuration file. Typically, this …

Available Macros

Note that the following list will only contain the macro documentation if you've not enabled -OO optimizations, or not set the PythonOptimize option for mod_python.

[[Image]]

Embed an image in wiki-formatted text.

The first argument is the file specification. The file specification may reference attachments in three ways:

  • module:id:file, where module can be either wiki or ticket, to refer to the attachment named file of the specified wiki page or ticket.
  • id:file: same as above, but id is either a ticket shorthand or a Wiki page name.
  • file to refer to a local attachment named 'file'. This only works from within that wiki page or a ticket.

Also, the file specification may refer to repository files, using the source:file syntax (source:file@rev works also).

Files can also be accessed with a direct URLs; /file for a project-relative, //file for a server-relative, or http://server/file for absolute location of the file.

The remaining arguments are optional and allow configuring the attributes and style of the rendered <img> element:

  • digits and unit are interpreted as the size (ex. 120, 25%) for the image
  • right, left, center, top, bottom and middle are interpreted as the alignment for the image (alternatively, the first three can be specified using align=... and the last three using valign=...)
  • link=some TracLinks... replaces the link to the image source by the one specified using a TracLinks. If no value is specified, the link is simply removed.
  • nolink means without link to image source (deprecated, use link=)
  • key=value style are interpreted as HTML attributes or CSS style indications for the image. Valid keys are:
    • align, valign, border, width, height, alt, title, longdesc, class, margin, margin-(left,right,top,bottom), id and usemap
    • border, margin, and margin-* can only be a single number
    • margin is superseded by center which uses auto margins

Examples:

    [[Image(photo.jpg)]]                           # simplest
    [[Image(photo.jpg, 120px)]]                    # with image width size
    [[Image(photo.jpg, right)]]                    # aligned by keyword
    [[Image(photo.jpg, nolink)]]                   # without link to source
    [[Image(photo.jpg, align=right)]]              # aligned by attribute

You can use image from other page, other ticket or other module.

    [[Image(OtherPage:foo.bmp)]]    # if current module is wiki
    [[Image(base/sub:bar.bmp)]]     # from hierarchical wiki page
    [[Image(#3:baz.bmp)]]           # if in a ticket, point to #3
    [[Image(ticket:36:boo.jpg)]]
    [[Image(source:/images/bee.jpg)]] # straight from the repository!
    [[Image(htdocs:foo/bar.png)]]   # image file in project htdocs dir.

Adapted from the Image.py macro created by Shun-ichi Goto <gotoh@…>

[[InterTrac]]

Provide a list of known InterTrac prefixes.

[[InterWiki]]

Provide a description list for the known InterWiki prefixes.

[[KnownMimeTypes]]

List all known mime-types which can be used as WikiProcessors.

Can be given an optional argument which is interpreted as mime-type filter.

[[LastChangesBy]]

This macro prints a table similar to the [[ListOfWikiPages]] only with the By column missing and the author name in the table head.

[[LastChangesBy(martin_s)]]          # the last 5 changes by user `martin_s`
[[LastChangesBy(martin_s,10)]]       # the last 10 changes by user `martin_s`

[[LastChangesBy]]                    # or
[[LastChangesBy()]]                  # the last 5 changes by the current user (i.e. every user sees it's own changes, if logged-on)
[[LastChangesBy(,12)]]               # the last 12 changes by the current user

[[LastChangesBy(...,format=...]]     # Selects `long` or `short` table format
[[LastChangesBy(...,from=..,to=..]]  # Selects `from` and `to` time/date range

[[LastChangesBy(...,headline=...]]   # Overwrites headline, may not contain `','`

[[LastChangesBy(...,order=reverse]]  # Lists the wikis in reverse order. Only really useful with few wikis or with `to`/`from`.

[[LastChangesBy(..,exclude=pattern]] # Excludes wikis matching `pattern`. Wildcards `*` and `?` are supported.

[[ListOfWikiPages]]

Description

Website: http://trac-hacks.org/wiki/ListOfWikiPagesMacro

$Id: macro.py 17126 2018-04-14 09:18:09Z rjollos $

The macro ListOfWikiPages prints a table of all (user generated, i.e. non-trac-default) wiki pages with last changed date and author as requested in Request-a-Hack th:#2427. Version 0.2 provides also a long format which also includes the newest version number and links to the difference and the history as well as the last comment. This was requested by th:#4717.

The second macro provided by this package is LastChangesBy which prints the last changes made by the given user or the logged-in user if no username is given.

Usage

You can use the ListOfWikiPages macro like this:

[[ListOfWikiPages]]                     # default format as configured in the config file
[[ListOfWikiPages(format=short)]]       # short format
[[ListOfWikiPages(format=long)]]        # long format (new v0.2)

which prints a table of all wiki pages, or with a list of wiki pages:

[[ListOfWikiPages(ThatWikiPage,ThisWikiPage,AnotherWikiPage,format=...)]]

Since v0.3 the optional arguments from and to can be used to specify a time/date range as requested by th:#5344. The values of this arguments are taken as negative offsets to the current time (i.e. the time the wiki page is displayed). Allowed is a number followed by a unit which can be s,m,h,d,w,o,y for seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, month and years. If the unit is missing seconds are assumed.

[[ListOfWikiPages(from=3d)]]            # displays all wiki pages changed in the last three days
[[ListOfWikiPages(to=15m)]]             # displays all wiki pages was where changed longer than 15 minutes ago
[[ListOfWikiPages(from=4.5w,to=15h)]]   # displays all wiki pages was where changed between 4 1/2 week and 15 hours ago

A headline can be given using a headline argument:

[[ListOfWikiPages(headline=Headline text without any comma)]]     # sets a table headline, may not contain '`,`'

The order can be reversed, i.e. list the oldest wikis first, using:

[[ListOfWikiPages(order=reverse)]]

Unwanted wiki ranges (e.g. Trac*) can be excluded by the exclude=pattern option which can be given multiple times. The wildcards '*' (matches everything) and '?' (matches a single character) can be used in the pattern. (Requested by #6074)

[[ListOfWikiPages(exclude=Trac*,exclude=abc?)]]

[[MacroList]]

Display a list of all installed Wiki macros, including documentation if available.

Optionally, the name of a specific macro can be provided as an argument. In that case, only the documentation for that macro will be rendered.

Note that this macro will not be able to display the documentation of macros if the PythonOptimize option is enabled for mod_python!

[[PageOutline]]

Display a structural outline of the current wiki page, each item in the outline being a link to the corresponding heading.

This macro accepts three optional parameters:

  • The first is a number or range that allows configuring the minimum and maximum level of headings that should be included in the outline. For example, specifying "1" here will result in only the top-level headings being included in the outline. Specifying "2-3" will make the outline include all headings of level 2 and 3, as a nested list. The default is to include all heading levels.
  • The second parameter can be used to specify a custom title (the default is no title).
  • The third parameter selects the style of the outline. This can be either inline or pullout (the latter being the default). The inline style renders the outline as normal part of the content, while pullout causes the outline to be rendered in a box that is by default floated to the right side of the other content.

[[ParseArgsTest]]

Test macro for tracadvparseargs.parse_args function.

This macro is intended to be used by the developers of the above function to simplify the testing process and has no real value for normal Trac users.

Macro usage

[[ParseArgsTest(parser_options|||arguments_to_parse)]]

will call

parse_args(arguments_to_parse, **parser_options)

and will display its return value. See below for the list of parser options.

Example

[[ParseArgsTest(strict=True,delquotes=True|||key1=val1,key2="val2a,val2b")]]

will call

parse_args('key1=val1,key2="val2a,val2b"', strict=True, delquotes=True)

Description for parse_args()

Website: http://trac-hacks.org/wiki/AdvParseArgsPlugin

This function is used in WikiMacros to parse the macro arguments. This enhanced version is meant as a replacement of trac.wiki.macros.parse_args and supports several advanced options (see section #Parameters). The most important feature is the support for quoting the delimiter, e.g. 'key1=val1,key2="some,text",key3=val3' will correctly return 'some,text' as the value of key2. The original parse_args function would return '"some' and handle 'text"' as separate argument.

$Id: parseargs.py 17133 2018-04-16 19:36:40Z rjollos $

Documentation

Definition

def parse_args (args, strict = True, multi = False, listonly = False,
        minlen = 0, quotechar = '"', escchar = '\\', delim = ',',
        delquotes = False)

Usage Example

# Instead of: from trac.wiki.macros import parse_args
# Use:
from tracadvparseargs import parse_args

class SomeMacro(WikiMacroBase):
    def expand_macro(self, formatter, name, args):
        largs, kwargs = parse_args( args, <options> )

Parameters

args
The argument string; 'content' in `expand_macro.
strict
Enables strict checking of keys.
multi
Enables folding of muliple given keys into list.
If set to True, values of multiple given keys will be returned as list, but single given keys will return a scalar.
If set to a list, only the values of the listed keys will be returned as list, but always as list even when there is only one value.
If this list contains '*', all values are always returned as list.
listonly
If true only a list is returned, no directionary.
minlen
Extend returned list to given minimum length. Only used when listonly=True. Parser parameters
quotechar
The quote character to be used.
escchar
The escape character to be used.
delim
The delimiter character to be used.
delquotes
Selects if quotes should be removed.

[[RecentChanges]]

List all pages that have recently been modified, grouping them by the day they were last modified.

This macro accepts two parameters. The first is a prefix string: if provided, only pages with names that start with the prefix are included in the resulting list. If this parameter is omitted, all pages are listed.

The second parameter is a number for limiting the number of pages returned. For example, specifying a limit of 5 will result in only the five most recently changed pages to be included in the list.

[[RepositoryIndex]]

Display the list of available repositories.

Can be given the following named arguments:

format
Select the rendering format:
  • compact produces a comma-separated list of repository prefix names (default)
  • list produces a description list of repository prefix names
  • table produces a table view, similar to the one visible in the Browse View page
glob
Do a glob-style filtering on the repository names (defaults to '*')
order
Order repositories by the given column (one of "name", "date" or "author")
desc
When set to 1, order by descending order

(since 0.12)

[[TitleIndex]]

Insert an alphabetic list of all wiki pages into the output.

Accepts a prefix string as parameter: if provided, only pages with names that start with the prefix are included in the resulting list. If this parameter is omitted, all pages are listed. If the prefix is specified, a second argument of value 'hideprefix' can be given as well, in order to remove that prefix from the output.

Alternate format and depth named parameters can be specified:

  • format=compact: The pages are displayed as comma-separated links.
  • format=group: The list of pages will be structured in groups according to common prefix. This format also supports a min=n argument, where n is the minimal number of pages for a group.
  • format=hierarchy: The list of pages will be structured according to the page name path hierarchy. This format also supports a min=n argument, where higher n flatten the display hierarchy
  • depth=n: limit the depth of the pages to list. If set to 0, only toplevel pages will be shown, if set to 1, only immediate children pages will be shown, etc. If not set, or set to -1, all pages in the hierarchy will be shown.

[[TracAdminHelp]]

Display help for trac-admin commands.

Examples:

[[TracAdminHelp]]               # all commands
[[TracAdminHelp(wiki)]]         # all wiki commands
[[TracAdminHelp(wiki export)]]  # the "wiki export" command
[[TracAdminHelp(upgrade)]]      # the upgrade command

[[TracGuideToc]]

Display a table of content for the Trac guide.

This macro shows a quick and dirty way to make a table-of-contents for the Help/Guide?. The table of contents will contain the Trac* and WikiFormatting pages, and can't be customized. Search for TocMacro? for a a more customizable table of contents.

[[TracIni]]

Produce documentation for the Trac configuration file.

Typically, this will be used in the TracIni page. Optional arguments are a configuration section filter, and a configuration option name filter: only the configuration options whose section and name start with the filters are output.

Macros from around the world

The Trac Hacks site provides a wide collection of macros and other Trac plugins contributed by the Trac community. If you're looking for new macros, or have written one that you'd like to share with the world, please don't hesitate to visit that site.

Developing Custom Macros

Macros, like Trac itself, are written in the Python programming language and are developed as part of TracPlugins.

For more information about developing macros, see the development resources on the main project site.

Here are 2 simple examples showing how to create a Macro with Trac 0.11.

Also, have a look at Timestamp.py for an example that shows the difference between old style and new style macros and at the macros/README which provides a little more insight about the transition.

Macro without arguments

To test the following code, you should saved it in a timestamp_sample.py file located in the TracEnvironment's plugins/ directory.

from datetime import datetime
# Note: since Trac 0.11, datetime objects are used internally

from genshi.builder import tag

from trac.util.datefmt import format_datetime, utc
from trac.wiki.macros import WikiMacroBase

class TimeStampMacro(WikiMacroBase):
    """Inserts the current time (in seconds) into the wiki page."""

    revision = "$Rev$"
    url = "$URL$"

    def expand_macro(self, formatter, name, text):
        t = datetime.now(utc)
        return tag.b(format_datetime(t, '%c'))

Macro with arguments

To test the following code, you should saved it in a helloworld_sample.py file located in the TracEnvironment's plugins/ directory.

from genshi.core import Markup

from trac.wiki.macros import WikiMacroBase

class HelloWorldMacro(WikiMacroBase):
    """Simple HelloWorld macro.

    Note that the name of the class is meaningful:
     - it must end with "Macro"
     - what comes before "Macro" ends up being the macro name

    The documentation of the class (i.e. what you're reading)
    will become the documentation of the macro, as shown by
    the !MacroList macro (usually used in the WikiMacros page).
    """

    revision = "$Rev$"
    url = "$URL$"

    def expand_macro(self, formatter, name, text, args):
        """Return some output that will be displayed in the Wiki content.

        `name` is the actual name of the macro (no surprise, here it'll be
        `'HelloWorld'`),
        `text` is the text enclosed in parenthesis at the call of the macro.
          Note that if there are ''no'' parenthesis (like in, e.g.
          [[HelloWorld]]), then `text` is `None`.
        `args` are the arguments passed when HelloWorld is called using a
        `#!HelloWorld` code block.
        """
        return 'Hello World, text = %s, args = %s' % \
            (Markup.escape(text), Markup.escape(repr(args)))

Note that expand_macro optionally takes a 4th parameter args. When the macro is called as a WikiProcessor, it's also possible to pass key=value processor parameters. If given, those are stored in a dictionary and passed in this extra args parameter. On the contrary, when called as a macro, args is None. (since 0.12).

For example, when writing:

{{{#!HelloWorld style="polite"
<Hello World!>
}}}

{{{#!HelloWorld
<Hello World!>
}}}

[[HelloWorld(<Hello World!>)]]

One should get:

Hello World, text = <Hello World!> , args = {'style': u'polite'}
Hello World, text = <Hello World!> , args = {}
Hello World, text = <Hello World!> , args = None

Note that the return value of expand_macro is not HTML escaped. Depending on the expected result, you should escape it by yourself (using return Markup.escape(result)) or, if this is indeed HTML, wrap it in a Markup object (return Markup(result)) with Markup coming from Genshi, (from genshi.core import Markup).

You can also recursively use a wiki Formatter (from trac.wiki import Formatter) to process the text as wiki markup, for example by doing:

    text = "whatever wiki markup you want, even containing other macros"
    # Convert Wiki markup to HTML, new style
    out = StringIO()
    Formatter(self.env, formatter.context).format(text, out)
    return Markup(out.getvalue())